Irregular menstruation is Coming (oligomenorrhea)
medical calender Kamus define oligomenorrhea as menstrual irregularities or menstrual came a little. But doctors are trying to narrow that definition, so the diagnosis of oligomenorrhea is a woman who previously menstruated regularly before menstruation problems that come irregularly. In people who have oligomenorrhea, menstrual cycles occur typically longer than 35 days, so just having periods 4-9 times a year.
In women of reproductive age who has just entered a new or an end to that age, it is very common to experience irregular menstruation. This is normal and is usually the result of imperfect coordination of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries. There are also some women who for no particular reason having menstrual periods every 2 months, but for them it is normal and not because of a health problem.
Women who have PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is also often experience oligomenorrhea. PCOS itself is a condition where the ovaries contain cysts. Women who have PCOS have irregular menstruation, may be oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea or menstrual very much. This condition is usually associated with excessive levels of androgen hormones in the body.
There are also several factors that can cause menstrual irregularities in women, namely:
Emotional stress.
Chronic pain.
Nutrients are lacking.
The existence of such eating disorders in patients with anorexia nervosa.
Excessive physical exercise.
A tumor that affects the hormone estrogen.
The use of illicit drugs anabolic steroids to boost athletic ability.
The female professional ballet dancers, gymnasts and skaters, they are at high risk for experiencing oligomenorrhea because they combine strenuous physical exercise with a strict diet to keep the weight of his body did not rise.
Menstruation comes irregularly, now known as one of the three health problems experienced by female athletes, so it was dubbed the "female athlete triad", the other is eating disorders and osteoporosis. The third problem is called the formal health at the annual meeting of the American College of Sports Medicine in 1993, but doctors have known about the combination of health problems between the loss of bone mass, easily broken bones, eating disorders in female participation in sports a few decades earlier. The coaches of women begin to realize a lot about it since the early 1990's and encourage female athletes to obtain medical consultation on the matter.
Symptoms & Causes Irregular Menstruation is Coming (oligomenorrhea)
Symptoms of oligomenorrhea include:
Menstrual period more than 35 days.
Irregular menstruation is not necessarily the amount.
In some women who had oligomenorrhea sometimes have difficulty getting pregnant.
Oligomenorrhea that occurred in adolescents, often due to lack of synchronization between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and ovaries. The hypothalamus is part of the brain that regulates body temperature, cellular metabolism and basic functions like eating, sleeping and reproduction. Hypothalamus regulate the hormone that regulates the pituitary gland. Then the pituitary gland to stimulate production of hormones that affect growth and reproduction. At the beginning and end of reproductive life of women, some of these hormones may be less synchronized, so that would lead to irregular menstruation.
In PCOS, oligomenorrhea may be caused by female hormones and male hormones that are not appropriate. Male hormones are produced in small quantities by each woman, but in women with PCOS, the levels of male hormones (androgens) higher than in other women.
In the female athlete, model, actress, dancer or who have anorexia nervosa, oligomenorrhea occurs because the ratio of body fat to lose weight very much.
Examination of irregular menstruation coming (oligomenorrhea)
Examination to determine whether a person is experiencing oligomenorrhea or not, is usually done in several ways, namely:
Physical Examination & History of Menstrual Cycle
For the diagnosis of oligomenorrhea, the doctor usually will ask the menstrual history of the patient in detail, including what the problem is, how long have happened, and the existence of other patterns that may be known to the patient. To assist in diagnosing physician, the patient can record the time period, frequency, duration and quantity of menstrual bleeding. Patients should also tell your doctor about new diseases suffered include health conditions such as experienced by diabetes mellitus. In addition, caregivers need information about the patient's diet, exercise patterns, sexual activity, contraceptive use, use of drugs or surgical procedures ever undertaken.
The doctor will then perform a physical examination, among others to: evaluate the proportion of patients' weight for height, saw signs of sexual development is normal, see if the heart rate and other vital signs are normal and feel the thyroid gland to see whether or not the swelling.
To the case experienced by female athletes, need to be asked about diet, exercise schedule and the use of drugs such as steroids and ephedrine. If necessary the doctor will give kuisinoer about whether patients at risk of developing anorexia or bulimia.
Laboratory Pemeriksaandi
After knowing the patient's medical history, your doctor will perform a pelvic examination and Pap test. To find a specific cause of oligomenorrhea, the doctor may also do a pregnancy test and blood tests to determine thyroid hormone levels.
Examination
In some cases, your doctor may recommend other tests to be done, such as pelvic ultrasound to check and see whether there is any anatomical abnormalities, X-ray or bone scan to determine the presence or absence of fractures, even an MRI to see whether or not a tumor affect the hypothalamus or pituitary gland.
Coming Handling Menstrual Disorders (oligomenorrhea)
KonsultasiPenanganan comes to menstrual irregularities or oligomenorrhea depends on the cause. In adolescents and women who enter menopause often do not require any treatment, because it will disappear by itself. For female athletes, changes in eating habits and exercise routine can be enough to restore menstrual cycles become normal again.
Most patients with oligomenorrhea treated with birth control pills. For others, including those with PCOS, treated with certain hormones, depending on what's needed hormones.
When oligomenorrhea occurs akrena eating disorders, or as in "the female athlete triad", the main cause of the problem must be addressed first. Consult with a psychiatrist and nutritionists to address eating habits. Female athletes may also require physical therapy or rehabilitation.
